Which players are considered to initiate contact in targeting?

In the context of targeting, the correct answer focuses on the criteria that define which players can be involved in initiating contact that is deemed targeting. Targeting is defined as a player taking aim at an opponent with the intention of making contact in a manner that is deemed unsafe or unsportsmanlike. This definition encompasses any player who deliberately directs their body toward an opponent at or above the shoulder area.

By stating that "any player taking aim at an opponent above the shoulder" is included, it emphasizes that targeting is not restricted to either offensive or defensive players, nor is it limited to certain situations like special teams play. The rule aims to protect all players on the field from dangerous and potentially injurious hits, thus applying equally to all participants involved in the action. Hence, the key to understanding targeting lies in the nature of the contact, rather than the designation of the player making it.

This understanding is pivotal for enforcement during games, ensuring that safety protocols are adhered to across the board, regardless of the situation on the field.